“A river flowed from the land of Eden, watering the garden and then dividing into four branches. The first branch, called the Pishon, flowed around the entire land of Havilah, where gold is found. The gold of that land is exceptionally pure; aromatic resin and onlyx stone are also found there. The second branch, called the Gihon, flowed around the entire land of Cush. The third branch, the Tigris, flowed east of the land of Asshur. The forth branch is called the Euphrates.” (Genesis Chapter 2, vv. 10-14 NLT)
I have read this chapter in Genesis many times and this time, I decided to do some online research about the location of the Garden of Eden and the four rivers. I read articles from Jewish and Christian websites.
Beginning with the Pishon River, some researchers believed this is the Nile River in Egypt and Havilah is may have been along or near the Nile River. Others think it might be the Ganges River in India because it his near the city of Havelin.
The Gihon River flowed through the land of Cush which is in Ethiopia. It is thought that this is the Blue Nile.
The Tigris River originates in Turkey and flows through Iran and to the Persian Gulf. This river is near Babylonia which is present day Iraq.
The Euphrates River runs somewhat parallel to the Tigris River. They are in the region of the Fertile Crescent.
Because of the great flood at the time of Noah. The exact location of the Garden of Eden is unknown. The river beds and terrain have changed drastically since that time. Some commenters believe that Eden is somewhere between the Nile and the Euphrates Rivers. The two possible sites are in Turkey or Iraq. In present-day, there the Pishon and Gihon rivers are not in existence. The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers may not be the rivers of the same names mentioned in Genesis. Therefore, it is only speculation as to the location of the Garden of Eden.
Even though the actual Garden of Eden is unknown, its location is not important from the Christian viewpoint. Genesis 3: 24 states, “After sending them (Adam and Eve) out (of the Garden of Eden), the Lord God stationed mighty cherubim to the east of the Garden of Eden. And He placed a flaming sword that flared back and forth to guard the way to the tree of life.” This verse implies that God would not allow anyone into the Garden of Eden.
References:
https://www.chabad.org, https://biblestudy.org.nz https://answersingenesis.org